Canada offers several immigration pathways specifically designed for couples, whether engaged, married, or in a common-law relationship. Below are the primary options to consider for couples seeking permanent residency in Canada.
Spousal Sponsorship
Spousal sponsorship is one of the fastest routes for couples, especially if one partner is already a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. To be eligible as a sponsor, the Canadian resident must meet specific criteria, including being at least 18 years old, residing in Canada, and not being subject to legal restrictions such as bankruptcy or criminal charges. Additionally, both the sponsor and the sponsored individual must demonstrate a legitimate relationship, categorized under one of the following:
- Spouse: Legally married, either within or outside Canada, with the marriage recognized by both Canadian law and the laws of the country where the marriage occurred.
- Common-Law Partner: Must have lived together continuously for at least one year.
- Conjugal Partner: For couples unable to cohabit due to exceptional circumstances, such as legal barriers, but who can prove a committed, mutually dependent relationship for at least one year.
Express Entry
Express Entry is the federal system that manages applications for three key programs: the Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP), the Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP), and the Canadian Experience Class (CEC). Couples applying through Express Entry have two main options:
- One partner applies as the primary applicant, listing the other as a dependent.
- Both partners create individual profiles, with one applying as the main applicant and the other as a secondary applicant. This approach can yield additional CRS points, but the choice of who is the primary applicant should depend on which partner has the stronger profile in terms of education, language skills, and work experience.
The CRS (Comprehensive Ranking System) score is critical, as it determines whether an applicant will be invited to apply for permanent residence.
Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) is another attractive option for couples. Nearly every province in Canada operates its own PNP, designed to address regional labor market needs. Similar to Express Entry, the partner with the strongest qualifications should apply as the main applicant, while the other partner is listed as a dependent. Alternatively, if both partners are eligible, they can submit individual applications.
In all cases, applicants must provide proof of sufficient settlement funds to demonstrate financial self-sufficiency upon arriving in Canada.
Navigating these immigration pathways effectively can increase your chances of a successful application, allowing you and your partner to start a new life together in Canada.